Overview

Representative Tom Emmer (R-MN) is the House Majority Whip and the lead sponsor of the Anti-CBDC Surveillance State Act, the legislation prohibiting the Federal Reserve from issuing a retail central bank digital currency. He has championed anti-CBDC legislation since the 117th Congress and is one of the most prominent crypto allies in House Republican leadership.

Key Facts

  • U.S. Representative from Minnesota’s 6th district; House Majority Whip.
  • Lead sponsor and primary champion of the Anti-CBDC Surveillance State Act (H.R. 1919) across multiple Congress sessions.
  • Bill passed the House 219-210 on July 17, 2025, as part of Crypto Week.
  • Framing: CBDC as “Orwellian surveillance tool”; invoked China’s digital yuan and Canada’s 2022 trucker account freezes as examples.
  • Bill prohibits the Fed from issuing a CBDC directly or via intermediaries; prevents Fed from using CBDC for monetary policy.
  • 135 House cosponsors for the Anti-CBDC Act.
  • Q2 2025 FEC disclosure: $827.5K raised; $3.8M cash on hand.
  • Bill supported by: American Bankers Association, Heritage Action, Club for Growth, Blockchain Association, Ripple, and others.

Newsletter Relevance

Emmer represents the libertarian-right coalition against government-controlled digital money. His Anti-CBDC Act is the most partisan of the Crypto Week bills (219-210 vs. 294-134 for CLARITY, 68-30 in Senate for GENIUS). The framing of CBDC as a surveillance weapon connects crypto policy to broader debates about government overreach, financial privacy, and the Chinese surveillance state as a warning example.

Connections

  • CBDC — lead opponent of government digital dollar
  • GENIUS Act — companion legislation in Crypto Week package
  • CLARITY Act — companion legislation; co-championed Crypto Week with Hill and Thompson
  • Donald Trump — Trump’s January 2025 EO prohibited CBDC development; Emmer’s bill codifies this
  • Federal Reserve — institution targeted by his legislation
  • French Hill — House leadership partner on Crypto Week

Source Appearances

Open Questions

  • Will the Anti-CBDC Act pass the Senate? Not yet considered as of Crypto Week.
  • How does Emmer’s anti-CBDC stance interact with the fact that private stablecoins (Circle, Tether) also surveil users via BSA/KYC?
  • Does banking industry support (ABA, ICBA) for the Anti-CBDC Act reflect genuine privacy concerns or strategic opposition to government competition with private banks?